{
  "question_id": "CG-P1B-FULL-028",
  "slug": "what-a-business-loan-application-or-proposal-contains-and-how-to-prepare-it",
  "display_title": "What a business loan application or loan proposal consists of and how a borrower prepares or obtains it — the contents and structure of the proposal package, the application form itself, and examples or templates a borrower can follow.",
  "format": "article-v2",
  "applies_to": {
    "countries": [
      "US"
    ],
    "frameworks": [],
    "tax_year": null,
    "platforms": []
  },
  "general_concept": true,
  "summary": "A loan application is the lender's or program's own form: get the current version from the lender you are applying to, complete it from records you can support, and read its certification before you sign. A loan proposal is a package you write: the request, the business and its owners, the amount and each use, how it will be repaid, security offered, historical and projected figures that agree with your books, and attachments. Templates supply headings, not content.",
  "body": "## Which document is the lender asking for?\n\n\"Application\" and \"proposal\" name different work. A lender may want any of three things:\n\n- **The application form.** The lender or lending program writes it, and you complete and sign it. United Business Bank's Business Loan Application, for example, has fields for the amount requested, the specific purpose of the loan, requested payment terms and the source of repayment.\n- **The proposal package.** You write it, and it argues the case the form only summarizes. Chase's undated loan application checklist says a proposal is more targeted than a business plan, dealing with the specific funds you are seeking now, and that not all lenders will require one.\n- **The records the lender lists.** Gathering the returns, statements and legal documents a lender names is a separate question, and a stack of records with no written request is not a proposal.\n\nAt the first conversation, ask whether the lender wants a written proposal and in what format.\n\n## Where do you get the current application form?\n\nGet it from whoever will process the application, when you apply:\n\n- **A lender's own loan.** The form is the lender's. Ask the lender for its current version and check the revision mark; United Business Bank's application pages carry \"rev. 09-04-26\". A form saved from an earlier attempt or from another bank is a different document.\n- **An SBA 7(a) loan.** The SBA's 7(a) loans page says you apply through a local lender and work with that lender, not SBA; that the application's contents vary with the loan's size and the lender's processing method; and that your lender will help you determine which documents you need. Forms 1919 and 413 go back to that lender.\n\nA copy found elsewhere can be out of date in ways you cannot see. SBA's Procedural Notice 5000-876626 says SBA is updating Form 1919 and that, until updated forms are published, the SBA lender must attach new certifications as a supplement for the applicant to sign, so the complete set comes from your lender. Form 413's footer states that previous editions are obsolete.\n\n## What does the application form collect, and how do you complete it accurately?\n\nLenders' forms differ, but SBA Form 1919 (revision 02/2025) shows what to expect. It collects information about the applicant and its owners, the loan request, existing indebtedness, current or previous government financing and certain other topics. Three of its instructions shape how you fill it in:\n\n- **Industry code.** The NAICS code must match the business activity code on your IRS income tax filings, if applicable.\n- **Owners.** You identify every entity owning at least 20% of the applicant, the natural persons who own those entities, and at least 51% of the beneficial owners as SBA's SOP 50 10 defines them.\n- **Purpose amounts.** The amounts entered against each purpose, across all Forms 1919, should equal the total loan request.\n\nExplain any \"yes\" to its eligibility questions in a separate attachment for the lender, and fill every line from a document you could hand over. Form 1919 also asks whether you paid or committed to pay the lender or a third party to help prepare the application, or a referral agent or broker.\n\n## How does an SBA-backed application differ from a lender's own?\n\nThe program route adds forms, signers and a written credit standard:\n\n| Point | Lender's own loan | SBA 7(a) loan |\n|---|---|---|\n| Forms | The lender's own set | Form 1919, Form 413, any supplement the lender attaches, and whatever else the lender requires |\n| Personal financial statements | Whoever the lender names; United Business Bank's checklist includes a signed statement for each principal | Form 413 from each proprietor, general partner, LLC managing member and owner of 20% or more of the equity (including the assets of the owner's spouse and any minor children), and anyone providing a guaranty |\n| Guarantees | Set by the lender | 13 CFR 120.160: holders of at least a 20% ownership interest generally must guarantee; when deemed necessary for credit or other reasons, SBA, or the lender on a loan under its delegated authority, may require others to give full or limited guarantees regardless of ownership |\n| Credit standard | The lender's policy | 13 CFR 120.150: the applicant must be creditworthy and loans so sound as to reasonably assure repayment, and lenders must use credit analysis consistent with that for their similarly-sized non-SBA commercial loans; lenders may consider credit score or history of the applicant, its associates and guarantors, its earnings or cashflow, and where applicable its equity or collateral |\n\nSettle the route before assembling anything; a package built for one route is incomplete for the other.\n\n## What goes in the proposal package, and in what order?\n\nIf the lender has a preferred format, use it. Otherwise adapt this outline, which puts the request first and the evidence after it.\n\n| Section | What it must establish | Content and support |\n|---|---|---|\n| 1. Request summary | What you want, why, and how it comes back | One page, written last: amount, loan type and term sought, uses, repayment source, security, owners |\n| 2. The business | That it exists and has customers | Legal structure, history, products, customers, location; market facts with their source |\n| 3. Owners and management | Who controls it and who can run it | Ownership table totaling 100%, matching formation documents; managers' experience; resumes |\n| 4. Amount and use of proceeds | That every dollar has a purpose and a price | One line per use, each backed by a quote, bid or agreement; loan-funded lines total the form |\n| 5. Repayment | That cash flow covers existing and new payments | Historical cash flow, existing-debt schedule, projection with the new payment, the fallback |\n| 6. Security and guarantees | What stands behind the loan if cash flow falls short | Each asset, its value basis and existing liens; each guarantor |\n| 7. Historical statements | What the business has actually done | The periods the lender names plus a current interim, produced from the books |\n| 8. Projections | What the loan does to the numbers | Projected statements from the latest actual balance sheet, with written assumptions |\n| 9. Personal financial statements | What each owner and guarantor has and owes | The required form for each person, dated and signed |\n| 10. Attachments and index | Where each supporting document is | Numbered index; quotes, leases, formation documents and returns the lender lists |\n\n## How do you state the amount and what it is for?\n\nSBA's business-plan guide tells borrowers to specify whether they need funds to buy equipment or materials, pay salaries, or cover specific bills until revenue increases. Build the amount from the bottom up: one line per use, a document behind each line, a loan-funded total that is the number on the form, and a project total that equals the loan plus your contribution. An invented example for a bakery opening a second site:\n\n| Use | Amount | From the loan | From owner's cash | Support |\n|---|---|---|---|---|\n| Ovens and mixers | 48,500.00 | 48,500.00 | 0.00 | Supplier quote |\n| Fit-out of the leased unit | 46,000.00 | 46,000.00 | 0.00 | Contractor's fixed bid |\n| Opening inventory | 12,500.00 | 2,500.00 | 10,000.00 | Supplier price list and first-month order plan |\n| Lease deposit | 10,000.00 | 0.00 | 10,000.00 | Signed lease |\n| Working capital | 18,000.00 | 18,000.00 | 0.00 | Shortfall in the first months of the cash-flow projection |\n| Total | 135,000.00 | 115,000.00 | 20,000.00 | Loan total goes on the form and in the summary; a bank statement shows your cash |\n\nA round figure with nothing behind it gives the lender nothing to test. Show your own contribution: 13 CFR 120.150 lets SBA lenders consider, where applicable, the applicant's equity. On Form 1919 you also certify that all 7(a) loan proceeds will be used only for the applicant business as approved by the lender or SBA.\n\n## What does the repayment section have to prove?\n\nRepayment is the argument of the proposal. Chase's undated checklist says lenders want to know how much you need, how you will use it and, most importantly, how you plan to repay it, shown through current (if applicable) and forecasted cash inflows and outflows and how the loan payments fit into your overall cash flow. Build it in four steps:\n\n1. State the primary source: cash flow from operations, shown in the historical statements and carried into the projection.\n2. List the debt it already services: every loan, lease and card balance with its payment, agreeing with the balance sheet.\n3. Add the new payment on the terms the lender has indicated, and show total payments against projected cash flow month by month for the first year.\n4. Name what stands behind the loan if sales fall short: collateral and guarantors. SBA's business-plan guide says to list any other collateral you could put against a loan.\n\n## Which historical figures go in, and why must they come from your books?\n\nSBA's business-plan guide says an established business should include income statements, balance sheets and cash-flow statements for the last three to five years; United Business Bank's form lists, among the items it marks for you to submit with your request, three years of signed business financial statements and the most current interim statement. The lender sets the periods, so use its list, and produce the statements from the accounting records rather than a spreadsheet built for the application:\n\n1. Reconcile every bank, card and loan account for each period requested.\n2. Run the balance sheet, income statement and cash-flow statement from the books for each year-end and the latest month-end.\n3. Tie each year's income statement to that year's business tax return, and write a short reconciliation of any difference, such as depreciation calculated differently for tax.\n4. Label each statement with its period and basis, cash or accrual, and keep the basis the same across years and into the projections.\n\nThe reason is verification. The IRS's Income Verification Express Service lets you authorize lenders, including banks and credit unions, to access your tax records when you apply for a loan, and it releases transcripts to third parties only with your consent. So the lender can compare the statements you submit with your filed returns; statements run from reconciled books, with the step 3 reconciliation attached, are ones you can explain line by line. If the books cannot yet produce these statements, bring them up to date first; reviewed or audited statements, and lending without standard records, are separate questions.\n\n## How should projections and their assumptions be presented?\n\nSBA's business-plan guide asks for a prospective financial outlook for the next five years, including forecasted income statements, balance sheets, cash-flow statements and capital expenditure budgets, with the first year shown quarterly or monthly, and says to clearly explain your projections and match them to your funding request. Your lender may set a different horizon. The assumptions, not the totals, carry the credibility:\n\n- Start from the latest actual balance sheet, so the opening figures are real.\n- Write each assumption as a sentence with its support: volumes and prices (contracts, sales history), costs (quotes, payroll plan) and timing (delivery and opening dates).\n- Show the loan inside the projection: proceeds in, each use spent, the new payment every month.\n- Label the pages as projections so no forecast can be read as a reported result; the certification you sign covers supporting documents.\n\nBuilding the month-by-month cash forecast from your books is a separate question.\n\n## What does a new business put in place of trading history?\n\nA new or pre-revenue business has no completed years to show, so the weight moves to the owners and the plan. Show startup costs and capital (U.S. Bank's undated template suggests an optional startup expenses and capitalization section explaining how much it will cost to open the business and how much capital you'll need), the owners' own cash in the use-of-proceeds table, and management experience (SBA's business-plan guide suggests resumes and CVs of key team members). Give monthly projections for at least the first year, with every assumption backed by a document you hold, such as a lease, quotes or letters of intent, and complete every owner's personal financial statement, since the owners now carry more of the request.\n\n## Whose personal information is needed with several owners or a guarantor?\n\nFor an SBA 7(a) loan, Form 413 lists who completes it (see the table above). Its certification is signed by each person submitting information and by the spouse of any 20% or more owner when spousal assets are included, and the date it is current as of must fall within 120 days of submission for 7(a) loans. Build each statement from that person's own bank, brokerage, mortgage and loan statements, with a stated basis for each property value; on Form 413, total liabilities plus net worth must equal total assets.\n\nMore than one owner also raises the question of authority. Form 1919 must be completed and signed by the applicant's authorized representative, and United Business Bank asks each type of entity for governing documents, a corporation, for example, for its bylaws or most recent minutes electing officers. Make sure the signer is the person those documents authorize.\n\n## How do you check that every figure agrees?\n\nBefore anything is signed, run these ties and correct the source, not just the copy:\n\n| Figure | Must agree with |\n|---|---|\n| Amount in the summary | The form, the loan-funded total of the use-of-proceeds table and, for SBA, the purpose amounts across all Forms 1919 (enter the loan-funded amounts there) |\n| Historical statements | The books for each period, and each year's return or a written reconciliation |\n| Industry code on Form 1919 | The business activity code on your tax return |\n| Projected opening balances | The latest actual balance sheet |\n| Existing-debt schedule | Loan balances on the balance sheet and lenders' statements |\n| Ownership table | Totals 100% and matches the formation documents; every owner the form lists shows the same percentage there |\n| Each personal statement | Its own totals: liabilities plus net worth equal total assets |\n| Repayment section | The cash-flow projection, including the new payment |\n\nOn Form 1919 you acknowledge that the lender will confirm the eligible loan amount using the documents you submit, so the support must add up to the request.\n\n## How do you use a template without importing someone else's business?\n\nTemplates come as lender-published plan templates, SBA's business-plan guide with its downloadable example plans, and sample plans from software and advisers. They supply headings, prompts and reminders, never facts:\n\n- **Fit the headings to your business.** On a lender's template, follow its instructions for fields that do not apply; U.S. Bank's undated template says not to leave fields blank but to enter N/A or a short description of why a field does not apply. Where no lender format is set, SBA's business-plan guide says you don't have to stick to the exact outline and should use the sections that make the most sense for your business.\n- **Replace every sample.** SBA's business-plan guide offers example plans belonging to fictional owners of a consulting firm and a toy company, so their figures and market claims are not yours.\n- **Own paid help.** A package someone prepares for a fee is still your signed representation, and Form 1919 asks about that fee.\n\nRead the finished draft as the lender will: any sentence that could describe another business, or that you could not back with a document, comes out.\n\n## What are you certifying when you sign?\n\nRead each certification block in full before signing:\n\n- **SBA Form 1919.** The authorized representative certifies that the information in the application and in all supporting documents and forms is true and accurate in all material respects; the form states that knowingly making a false statement to obtain an SBA-guaranteed loan is punishable under federal law and lists the statutes, including 18 U.S.C. 1014 if submitted to a federally insured institution.\n\n  By signing, the applicant also certifies, among other things, that it fulfills all eligibility requirements and complies with all Loan Program Requirements, that it is current on all federal, state and local taxes, payroll and sales taxes included, and will pay them when due, and that no holder of 50 percent or more of the ownership is more than 60 days delinquent on child support due under an order or repayment agreement. If any of these is untrue, raise it with the lender before signing.\n- **The SBA supplement.** SBA's Procedural Notice 5000-876626, effective March 1, 2026, has you certify on a supplement, until updated forms are published, that none of the direct and indirect owners or SBA-required guarantors is an Ineligible Person. The notice's list includes lawful permanent residents and any individual, U.S. citizens included, whose principal residence is outside the United States, its territories or possessions. Check every owner at every level and every guarantor before signing.\n- **SBA Form 413.** Each signer certifies under penalty of criminal prosecution that the form and any additional supporting information are true and complete to the best of their knowledge, and authorizes SBA, the lender or a surety company to make inquiries to verify its accuracy and determine the signer's creditworthiness.\n- **A lender's own form.** United Business Bank's has the signer certify authority to sign for the applicant and that the form, attached pages and supporting documentation are complete, true and correct, and, among other authorizations, lets the bank verify that information.\n\nFederal law, 18 U.S.C. 1014, also punishes a knowingly false statement made to influence the action of the institutions it lists on an application or loan. The list includes any institution whose accounts the FDIC insures, federal credit unions and insured state-chartered credit unions; the penalty is a fine of up to $1,000,000, imprisonment of up to 30 years, or both.\n\n## How do you assemble, submit and track the package?\n\nWork through this checklist before you submit:\n\n- **Route and forms.** You know the route and hold the lender's current form set, including any supplement.\n- **Form lines.** Each line comes from a document, each \"yes\" has its attachment, and the authorized person signs.\n- **Request summary.** It states the same amount, uses, repayment source and security as the sections behind it.\n- **The business.** Structure, history, products, customers and location are described, and each market fact carries its source.\n- **Owners and management.** The ownership table matches the formation documents, and managers' resumes are attached.\n- **Use of proceeds.** A quote, bid or agreement stands behind each line, and the loan-funded lines total the form.\n- **Repayment.** The existing-debt schedule and the new payment are set against projected cash flow month by month, and the fallback is named.\n- **Security and guarantees.** Each asset has its value basis and existing liens, and each guarantor is named.\n- **Historical statements.** Each period the lender lists and a current interim are run from reconciled books, and the reconciliation to the returns is attached.\n- **Projections.** Opening balances come from the latest actual balance sheet, and each assumption is written with its support.\n- **Personal financial statements.** Each person the lender or Form 413 names has signed one whose totals balance; for 7(a), each is current as of a date within 120 days of submission, and the spouse of any 20% or more owner signs when spousal assets are included.\n- **Authority.** The governing documents the lender asks for are included.\n- **Consistency.** Every tie in the table above has been checked.\n- **Index and versions.** Attachments are numbered to an index page, and each file name carries the document, period and version date.\n- **Exact copy.** One PDF of exactly what was submitted, signed forms included, is saved with the submission date and never edited.\n- **Follow-up log.** Each lender request is recorded with its date, what you sent and which version.\n\nFollow-up questions arrive against what you submitted; Form 1919, for one, says SBA or the lender may request additional information to determine eligibility. If an application stalls or is resubmitted, refresh rather than rebuild: update the interim statements and the projection's starting point, re-date personal financial statements (within 120 days of submission for 7(a)), confirm the forms are still current, and save the result as a new version. The closing documents that follow an approval are a separate question.",
  "sources": [
    {
      "id": "REF::1",
      "url": "https://www.sba.gov/business-guide/plan-your-business/write-your-business-plan",
      "title": "Write your business plan",
      "publisher": "U.S. Small Business Administration",
      "published": "undated",
      "retrieved_at": "2026-09-27T04:13:25+00:00",
      "sha256": "c7913c21ec71859a0e6d61fcbda9cc8ad40eeb909cee87085a03796fc741f1a8",
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    {
      "id": "REF::2",
      "url": "https://www.sba.gov/loans/7a-loans/",
      "title": "7(a) loans",
      "publisher": "U.S. Small Business Administration",
      "published": "undated",
      "retrieved_at": "2026-09-27T04:13:27+00:00",
      "sha256": "c9ef9ae05d07b169c921c95ac84a626e8ac88771f60b133bc11a0cfcdd0079dd",
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      "url": "https://legacy.sba.gov/sites/default/files/2025-03/2025.02.27%20Form%201919%20-%20Updates%20%28FINAL%29_03-12-2025%20%281%29.pdf",
      "title": "SBA 7(a) Borrower Information Form (SBA Form 1919)",
      "publisher": "U.S. Small Business Administration",
      "published": "SBA Form 1919 (02/2025), OMB Control No. 3245-0348, expiration date 6/30/2027",
      "retrieved_at": "2026-09-27T04:13:28+00:00",
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      "id": "REF::4",
      "url": "https://legacy.sba.gov/sites/default/files/2025-02/SBAForm413.pdf",
      "title": "Personal Financial Statement (SBA Form 413)",
      "publisher": "U.S. Small Business Administration",
      "published": "SBA Form 413 (05-24), OMB Approval No. 3245-0188, expiration date 08/31/2027",
      "retrieved_at": "2026-09-27T04:13:28+00:00",
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      "id": "REF::5",
      "url": "https://legacy.sba.gov/sites/default/files/2026-02/Procedural%20Notice%205000-876626%20-%20Revised%20Applicant%20Ownership%20Citizenship%20and%20Residency%20%20OFA%202.11.pdf",
      "title": "Procedural Notice 5000-876626, Update to SOP 50 10 8 – Revised Applicant Ownership Citizenship and Residency Requirements for 7(a) and 504 Loans",
      "publisher": "U.S. Small Business Administration",
      "published": "publication February 11, 2026, effective March 1, 2026",
      "retrieved_at": "2026-09-27T04:13:29+00:00",
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      "url": "https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/CFR-2025-title13-vol1/pdf/CFR-2025-title13-vol1-sec120-150.pdf",
      "title": "13 CFR 120.150 What are SBA's lending criteria? and 13 CFR 120.160 Loan conditions",
      "publisher": "U.S. Small Business Administration, Code of Federal Regulations (U.S. Government Publishing Office)",
      "published": "CFR 2025 edition, title 13, volume 1",
      "retrieved_at": "2026-09-27T04:13:30+00:00",
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      "id": "REF::7",
      "url": "https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/USCODE-2023-title18/html/USCODE-2023-title18-partI-chap47-sec1014.htm",
      "title": "18 U.S.C. 1014, Loan and credit applications generally; renewals and discounts; crop insurance",
      "publisher": "U.S. Government Publishing Office, United States Code",
      "published": "United States Code, 2023 Edition",
      "retrieved_at": "2026-09-27T04:13:31+00:00",
      "sha256": "08c3968302a5e5946485ce246ca1fb85635491e3eb709b1f1af1b98328dd9a36",
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      "id": "REF::8",
      "url": "https://www.irs.gov/individuals/income-verification-express-service-for-taxpayers",
      "title": "Income Verification Express Service for taxpayers",
      "publisher": "Internal Revenue Service",
      "published": "page last reviewed or updated 19-Apr-2026",
      "retrieved_at": "2026-09-27T04:13:31+00:00",
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      "id": "REF::9",
      "url": "https://www.unitedbusinessbank.com/_/kcms-doc/826/42272/Business_Loan_Application_Package.pdf",
      "title": "Business Loan Application Package",
      "publisher": "United Business Bank",
      "published": "rev. 09-04-26",
      "retrieved_at": "2026-09-27T04:13:32+00:00",
      "sha256": "65ab4aa48b773b48940fd43276509914dade406140de24ac2ffd2095d52be155",
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    {
      "id": "REF::10",
      "url": "https://www.chase.com/business/knowledge-center/start/business-loan-application-checklist",
      "title": "Your small business loan application checklist",
      "publisher": "JPMorgan Chase & Co. (Chase for Business)",
      "published": "undated",
      "retrieved_at": "2026-09-27T04:13:33+00:00",
      "sha256": "a95c7b3d13fb216165cf155eb5f0a54466be93a04857d0a4cb221ae14f6857b1",
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    {
      "id": "REF::11",
      "url": "https://www.usbank.com/dam/documents/pdf/business-banking/business-plan-template.pdf",
      "title": "Business plan template",
      "publisher": "U.S. Bank",
      "published": "undated",
      "retrieved_at": "2026-09-27T04:13:35+00:00",
      "sha256": "049062a9c1b3782fde7b86a252ac0b0850b9bd4463016a0a07c16bd7162921bf",
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  "related": [
    {
      "question_id": "CG-P1B-FULL-029",
      "slug": "what-documents-make-up-a-business-loan-closing-package",
      "display_title": "Which documents and instruments make up the closing package for a business loan — checklists of what is required at closing, the organisation of that package, and the individual closing instruments (personal guarantee, landlord waiver, settlement sheet) a borrower must obtain or execute."
    },
    {
      "question_id": "CG-P1B-FULL-030",
      "slug": "what-documents-can-support-a-business-loan-without-tax-returns",
      "display_title": "What documentation can a business provide for a loan when standard records such as tax returns are unavailable — for example lending based on bank statements?"
    }
  ],
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  "provenance": {
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    "reviewer_model": "claude-opus-5-5",
    "review_verdict": "ACCEPT",
    "review_source": "closure",
    "review_verdict_on_sha256": "dfb1531047cf14050cab99c75c544f2ed4d9d03901fcc5c603d0986278cf4bf1",
    "editorial_disposition": "ACCEPT",
    "corrections": 1,
    "approved_by": null,
    "approved_at": null,
    "article_sha256": "dfb1531047cf14050cab99c75c544f2ed4d9d03901fcc5c603d0986278cf4bf1",
    "source_map_sha256": "0fe227088f914ffe4f562fbdb0a7cfe0a91604ebc5478c0b9a02ebf1df15c44f",
    "transform_sha256": "92a0b61753dc76166b9aae1276f1bb7d5f49c88468c2ea59b9bb42bac52f6081"
  },
  "offer": "ask",
  "offer_id": null,
  "sample_target_id": null,
  "datePublished": "2026-09-27T21:10:04Z",
  "reviewed_at": "2026-09-27T21:10:04Z",
  "content_sha": "28177c75a71b3b7d101fcf82fa6b83020adc6faf2fab6c4655015b07757f8f46",
  "release": "2.11.0",
  "slug_provenance": "minted at first publication",
  "question_text": "What a business loan application or loan proposal consists of and how a borrower prepares or obtains it — the contents and structure of the proposal package, the application form itself, and examples or templates a borrower can follow.",
  "jsonld_types": [
    "Article"
  ],
  "related_question_ids": [
    "Q-0029",
    "CG-P1B-FULL-029",
    "CG-P1B-FULL-030",
    "CG-MCE-114",
    "CG-MCE-108"
  ],
  "aliases": [],
  "alias_provenance": []
}